// ROBOTICS AND SMART FACTORIES TERM

Numerical Control

A system where machine tools are automatically operated by a set of coded instructions, often using numbers and symbols.

Numerical Control — illustration from Wikipedia
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TECHNICAL DEFINITION

Numerical Control (NC) is a method of automating machine tools through programmed commands, typically using numerical and symbolic data, to precisely control tool movements, speeds, and other operational parameters, enabling repeatable and accurate manufacturing of complex parts.

BACKGROUND

Computer numerical control (CNC) or CNC machining is the automated control of machine tools by a computer. It is an evolution of numerical control (NC), where machine tools are directly managed by data storage media such as punched cards or punched tape. Because CNC allows for easier programming, modification, and real-time adjustments, it has gradually replaced NC as computing costs declined.

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SYNONYMS & ALIASES

  • NC machining
  • Programmed control
  • Automated manufacturing
  • Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)
  • G-code control

USAGE NOTE

Revolutionized manufacturing by enabling complex geometries and consistent part production with minimal human error.

DEVELOPERS

Organizations developing technology related to Numerical Control.

  • FANUC

    A global leader in factory automation, providing CNC systems, robots, and machine tools that utilize advanced numerical control technologies for precision manufacturing.

  • Siemens

    Offers a comprehensive range of industrial automation solutions, including its SINUMERIK CNC systems, which are widely used for machine tools and complex manufacturing processes.

  • Heidenhain

    Specializes in high-precision measurement and control technology for machine tools, developing advanced TNC controls for milling and turning applications.

  • Mazak

    A leading machine tool builder that develops and integrates advanced numerical control technologies into its extensive line of CNC machine tools.

  • Haas Automation

    One of the largest machine tool builders in the Western world, manufacturing a full line of CNC vertical and horizontal machining centers, CNC lathes, and rotary products.

  • DMG MORI

    A global manufacturer of machine tools, offering innovative CNC solutions and integrated technologies for advanced manufacturing.

  • Okuma

    Known for its comprehensive line of CNC machine tools and its proprietary OSP numerical controls, which offer advanced intelligence and precision for manufacturing.

  • Mitsubishi Electric

    Provides industrial automation solutions, including M8 series CNC controllers, which offer high performance and reliability for diverse machining applications.

  • Bosch Rexroth

    Offers a broad portfolio of drive and control technologies, including CNC systems, for various industrial applications and machine types.

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