// PROPULSION SYSTEMS AND ENGINE TECHNOLOGY TERM
Cryogenic Engine
A cryogenic engine is a rocket engine that burns propellants, such as liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen, which are stored at extremely low temperatures as super-cooled liquids. These engines offer high performance and efficiency for space missions.
TECHNICAL DEFINITION
A cryogenic engine is a chemical rocket propulsion system that combusts propellants, specifically cryogenic liquid hydrogen (LH2) fuel and liquid oxygen (LOX) oxidizer, stored at ultra-low temperatures to achieve high specific impulse and thrust for orbital insertion and deep-space missions.
BACKGROUND
Skyroot Aerospace Private Limited is an Indian private aerospace manufacturer and commercial launch service provider headquartered in Hyderabad, Telangana. The company was founded by two former ISRO scientists, Pawan Kumar Chandana, and Naga Bharath Daka.
READ MORE ON WIKIPEDIASYNONYMS & ALIASES
- Cryo-engine
- LOX/LH2 engine
- Liquid hydrogen engine
- Super-cooled propellant engine
USAGE NOTE
Cryogenic engines are predominantly used in the upper stages of launch vehicles and for inter-planetary propulsion due to their superior efficiency.
DEVELOPERS
Organizations developing technology related to Cryogenic Engine.
Develops and operates the Raptor engine, a full-flow staged combustion engine that uses liquid oxygen (LOX) and liquid methane (LCH4), both cryogenic propellants, for its Starship launch system.
Developing and testing cryogenic engines such as the BE-3 (LOX/LH2) for the New Shepard suborbital vehicle and the BE-4 (LOX/LCH4) for its New Glenn orbital rocket and ULA's Vulcan Centaur.
Producer of the RS-25 engine (Space Shuttle Main Engine), a high-performance liquid oxygen/liquid hydrogen (LOX/LH2) cryogenic engine used on the Space Launch System (SLS).
Develops and manufactures the Vulcain (LOX/LH2) and Vinci (LOX/LH2) cryogenic engines for the Ariane 5 and upcoming Ariane 6 launch vehicles.
Designs, develops, and operates cryogenic upper stage engines, such as the CE-20, which uses liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen, for its Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV Mk-III).
Has developed and utilizes cryogenic engines like the LE-7A (LOX/LH2) for the H-IIB rocket and the LE-9 (LOX/LH2) for the new H3 rocket, providing main propulsion for its heavy-lift launchers.
Funds, researches, and oversees the development of advanced cryogenic propulsion technologies and engines, including the RS-25 for the Space Launch System (SLS) and future advanced concepts for lunar and Mars missions.
As the primary contractor for Japan's H-IIA/B and H3 rockets, MHI is heavily involved in the manufacturing and development of the cryogenic LE-7A and LE-9 engines, working in close cooperation with JAXA.